Electromagnetic type-writer.



I. SCHNYDER.

ELECTROMAGNETIC TYPE WRITER.

APPLICATION FILED JAILZT, I9I3- Patented Apr. 11, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I- J. SCHNYDEHQ ELECTROMAGNETIC TYPE WRITER.

APPLICATION men JAN. 21. 1913.

1,178,879. Patented Apr. 11, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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. UNITE ELECTROMAGNETIC TYPE-WRITER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 11, 1916.

Application filed January 27, 1913. Serial No. 744,558.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHANN SCHNYDER,

a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, residing at Kriens, near Lucerne, Switzerland, have invented new and useful Improvements in Electromagnetic Type l/Vriter's; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Typewriters have been proposed in which by depressing a key the type-bars are moved by electromagnetic means. This is performed by closing an electric circuit in which the magnet-winding is inserted so that the armature is attracted and a type is printed. .In these known typewriters after a line is completed, it is necessary to move the paper carriage back by hand as well as to move the platen an amount equal to the distance between the lines. These manipulations which of course are often to be repeated cause much loss of time and diminish the speed of writing. The present invention does away with this drawback by performing the said operations in a new manner by electromagnetic means.-

In the accompanying drawings the invention 'is illustrated by way of example in Y connection with a type-bar typewriter.

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing a typewriter according to this invention, parts being omitted for the sake of clearness. Fig. 2 shows a varied construction of parts shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing the mechanism for shifting from small to capital letters, which mechanism is omitted in Fig. 1. Fig. at is an enlarged detail view of the back spacing escapement mechanism.

The keys 1- are mounted to turn about a fixed axle 2. 'The keys each pivotally carry at 3 a two armed lever 4. The levers 4: are connected by links 5 to levers 6 which are mounted to turn about a figied axle 7. The levers 6 are connected by links 8 to the type-bars 9 which are mounted to turn in a bearing IO. The bearing 10 is movably -mounted as will be later described. If any one of the keys 1 is depressed,

the end 11 of the cbrresponding lever t moves below the common armature 1.2

of the electromagnet 13. If thereafter the key 1 makes contact with a plate 1%, an electric circuit is closed and the electromagnet 13 attracts the armature 12. The latter is mounted to turn about axles 15 and by moving downward it pushes against the end 11 of the lever 4, so that by means of the links 5, 6 and 8 the corresponding typebar is turned and a type is printed (.1 paper on the platen 16. After the key is then released it is moved back in its initial position in the usual manner by a spring not shown on the drawing. The circuit is opened, the electromagnet 13 becomes ourrentless, the armature 12 and the type-bar 9 are moved by the action of springs 17 and 18 in their initial positions. During this movement the armature 12 by means of link 19, and crank lever 20 entirely withdraws the pawl 21 from the rack and steps thetoothed rack 22 one toothforward upon the return movement, whereby the carriage 23 with the platen 16 are moved forward (toward the left) an amount equal to the distance of the characters.

For the purpose of back spacing the platen 16 it is sufficient as in typing to depress the back spacing key 1 and thereby through the medium of rod 24 to operate the back spacing escapement. The operation of the armature 12 causes lever 6 to move and pull down rod 24' and to move rod 19 up, so that pawl 21 moves to the right;.

pawl 25 is withdrawn from engagement with the rack just as pawl 25 engages the right hand end of a tooth.- ..A further movement of rod 24 draws pawl 25 below the rack, causes pawl 25? to lift the rack from engagement with pawl 21 and the rack underthe influence of spring 26 moves to the right, sliding on pawl'25 until the corner of the next tooth strikes pawl 25". Rod 24 then rises and returns the parts to normal position, the pawl 21 coming into engagement with the next adjacent tooth, to

the left.

If after the completion of a line the platen is to be removed in the starting position of a line, by depressing a special key'l a link 27 is moved downward by the actionof the eleotromagnet 13. A lever 28, which engages a groove provided in the whole length of a shaft 29, turns the latter in the direc- Elli) starting position for a line.

tion of the arrow shown on the drawing. A lever secured to the shaft 29 causes by means of the rods 31 the toothed rack 22 which is mounted to turn about an axle 32, to be'disengaged from the pawl 25 of the back spacing mechanism, so thatthe spring 26 pulls the carrier 23 back to its initial position. After the key is released the toothed rack 22 moves back to be engaged again by the pawls 25 and 21. During this latter movement of the toothed rack 22 a pawl 33 turns the platen 16 an amount equal to the distance of the lin'es.

The mechanism for shifting from small to capital letters may be constructed as shown in Fig. 3. If the shift key 1 is depressed a hook 35 provided on a rod 36 is moved by a link 34 in the 'path of the armature 12. Simultaneously the electric circuit of the magnet winding is closed at 37. The rod 36- is moved downward by the armature 12 engaging the hook 35, and the frame 38 which carries the bearing 10 of the type-bars 9 is turned about the axle 39. The bearings 10 are raised so much that by depressing the keys 1 large characters are printed. By raising the bearing 10 a link 40 pivotally connected thereto is moved upward. A projection 41 of the link is moved ,by the action of a compression spring 42 on a fixed bearing 43. A lateral projection 44 of the link 40 raises the rod 45 so that by the action of a spring 46 mounted on a rod 47 the contact at 37 is interrupted. The armature 12 is raised again as described and the bearing 10 is supported by the bearing 43 until the key 1 is released. The tension spring 48 draws the rod 40 toward the key 1 and after the projection 41 has left the bearing 43 the bearing 10 is moved downward. In order to be able to Write' continually with capital letters there may be provided a locking device, which needs not to be described as it is known from the hitherto used typewriters.

The keys 1 need only to be depressed some millimeters for making contact with the plate 14, whereat not much more than the weight of the key is to be overcome. For this reason the power necessary for writing is very small. Since the platen can also be moved in its initial position a small key pressure, the writer is able to write a whole page without removing his hands from the keyboard and the speed of writing is much increased.

Thetypewriter may also be constructed according to Fig. 2 so that there is provided a special key each for turning the platen l6 and for removing it into the In this case the pawl 33 is not connected to the'toothed rack 22, but to a frame 49, which is mounted to turn about the axle 32. A link is loosely mounted on the frame 49 so that the latter can move parallel to the akle 32 with the carriage 23. The link 50 is electromagnetically operated by depressing a key in a similar manner as the type-bar. If a special key is depressed. which isnot shown on the drawing. the link 50 is moved downward, the frame 49 is turned and therewith the platen is turned the desired amount equal to the distance between the lines. This distance can be adjusted by inserting a pin in the different holes 51 of the link 50 whereby its stroke is reduced and accordingly a smaller number of teeth is rotated. The pawl 33 engages the ratchet wheel only as long as the key is depressed, so that the platen may always be turned by hand as desired.

For feeding the elect-romagnet 13 instead of a battery any other suitable source of current may be used, for instance such as is used for house-installations.

I claim: I

1. In a typewriter, an armature, electromagnetic means including suitable electric, circuits for actuating said armature; a platen,-type bars, case shift mechanism, letter spacing mechanism, line spacing mechanism and back spacing mechanism, all operated by said armature and keys for controlling said circuits.

2. In a typewriter, type bar operating mechanisms, case shifting mechanism, a bar for actuating all of said mechanisms, means for actuating said bar, and keys for placing said mechanisms under the control of said bar and also for controlling the bar actuating means.

3. In a typewriter, type bar operating mechanisms, back spacing mechanism, a bar for actuating all of said mechanisms, means for actuating said bar, and keys for placing said mechanisms underthe control of said bar and also for controlling the bar actuating means.

4. In a typewriter, type bar operating mechanisms, line s acing mechanism, a bar for actuating all 0- said mechanisms, means for actuating said bar, and keys for placing said mechanisms under the control of said bar and also for controlling the bar actuating means.

5 In a typewriter, type bar operating mechanisms, a case shifting mechanism, a bar for actuating all of said mechanisms, keys for placing said mechanisms under the control of said bar and also for controlling the bar actuating means, and letter spacing mechanism actuated by said bar.

6. In a .typewriter, type bar operating mechanisms, b'ack spacing mechanism, a bar for actuating all of said mechanisms, keys for placing said mechanisms under the control of said barand also for controlling the bar actuating means, and. letter spacing mechanism actuated by said barv 7. In a typewriter, e bar operatin mechanisms, case shiftiii g mechanism, linispacing mechanism, abar for actuating all of said mechanisms, and keys for placing said mechanisms under the control of said bar and also for controlling the-bar actuating means. 7 i

8. In a typewriter, type bar operating mechanisms, back spacing mechanism and line spacing mechanism, a bar for actuating all of said mechanisms, means for actuating said bars, and keys for placing said mechanisms under the control of said bar and for controlling said bar actuating means.

9. In a typewriter, type bar operating mechanisms, back spacing mechanism and line spacing mechanism, a bar for actuating d1 of said mechanisms, means for actuating ,aid bar, keys for placing said mechanisms undervthe control of said bar and for controlling said bar actuating means, and letter spacing mechanisms actuated by said bar.

10. In a typewriter, type bar operating nechanisms, case shifting mechanism, back ,pacing mechanism, a bar for actuatingall of said .mechanisms, means for actuating said bar, keys for placing said mechanisms under the control of said bar and also for controlling the bar actuating-means, and fetter spacing mechanism actuated by said bar. V 11. In a typewriter, type bar operating nechanisms, case shifting'mechanism, back "spacing mechanism, line spacing mechagism,

1 bar for actuating all of said mechanisms, means for actuating. said bar, keys for placmg said mechanisms under the control of said bar, and also for controlling the bar. actuating means.

12. Ina typewriter, case mecha .LISIII, a bar for actuating said mechanism, means for actuating said bar, a. key for plac-' ing said mechanisms under the control of said bar and also 'for controlling the bar actuating means, and line spacing mechamsm operated by said bar. I a

13. In a typewriter, case shifting mocha-f nism, back spacing mechanism,- a bar-for actuating said mechanisms, means for actuating said bar, keys for placing said mechanisms under the control of said bar and also for controlling the bar actuating means, and

msm, back spacing mechanism, a bar for actuating said mechanisms, means for actu- 16. In a typewriter, case shifting mecha nism, back spacing mechanism'; line spacing mechanism, a bar for actuating said mechanisms, means for actuating said bar, keys for placing said mechanisms under the control of said bar and also for controlling the bar actuating means.

17. In a typewriter, back spacing mechanism, a bar for actuating said mechanism,-

means for actuating said bar, a key for placing said mechanism under the control of said bar and also for controlling the bar actuating means, and letter spacing means actuated by said bar.

18. In a typewriter, line spacing mechav nism, a bar for actuatin said mechanism, means for actuating said bar, keys for placing said mechanisms under the control of said bar and also for controlling the bar actuating means, and letter spacing mechanism operatedby said bar. i i 19. In a-type-writing machine, the comating levers for the latter, of an electromagnet having an armature commonto all of said operating levers and arranged to depress the same, keys to selectivelymove the operating levers into the path of the ar mature, means" actuated by thekeys to close bination with a platen,type bars,and- 0perthe circuit of the magnet simultaneously with the positioning of. the type bar levers,

letter spacing operated by the armature when the latter returns to normal position a. 20. In a typewriter, a' bell-crank ,key-

lever, a lever piyoted thereto, an actuator bar transverse to saidleyerymea'ns to actu ,105 ate said bar under the controlof-re said key 7 lever, a second ipivoted actuatingleyer a link connecting said leversii I Inftestimony that I, c

as my invention,- I have my name in presence of two subscribing v V QHANN" Witnesses; I

Josnr Wires, V p

Hormnni;

copies of this patent may he obtained for five cents each; by adares'si ngue commissioner of Washington, 11.6." i i aim the imaging 

